![]() Consider the animal's abilities: goats, for example, will not only push the fence they might try to climb either the fence or on other goats to get out! Increase the height as required. Add extra wires to cover animals of different sizes. Wire heights are set to touch the animal as it pushes its head or body between the wires. Generally, three wires are a minimum requirement for farm animals. Needless to say, this really gives the animal a hefty jolt! In addition, the animal could make contact with two neighbouring wires simultaneously (live & earth) and this gives a direct connection back to the energizer through the fence wires with hardly any electrical loss. Like the single wire fence, if the animal touches just a live wire then the electrical impulse will travel back to the energizer through the moisture in the soil via the closest earth electrode. This system offers two possible ways for the electrical impulse to travel back to the energizer. Then reduce the wire height & introduce the smaller animals. Set the wire height for the larger animals & let them learn first. If you have young as well as mature animals, don't introduce full sized animals at the same time as young. You must position the wire at an appropriate height for the animal. The wire doesn't physically restrain the inexperienced animal, so initially the animal may pass under the wire. ![]() An animal's initial contact with the wire can have unpredictable results. It's very effective once the animals have learnt to avoid the wire.ĭisadvantages mainly relate to its proper application. It has minimal materials and so is quick to install and relatively inexpensive. The single wire system has many advantages. You CANNOT send the electrical impulse through more than about 1km of soil without it loosing significant power. The soil must have sufficient moisture for this style of fence to work effectively sandy or dry soils are not suitable. The electrical impulse comes off the wire, through the animal's muscles, through its legs into the soil, through the moisture in the soil back to the earth electrode. When the animal touches the fence wire it completes the electrical circuit back to the two terminals of the energizer. This system relies on the moisture in the ground to act as a conductor of electricity between the earth electrode and the animal's feet. The earth terminal is connected to a metal earth electrode placed in the ground. The live terminal is connected to this fence wire. The two terminals of the electric fence energizer are designated "live" and "earth". In its simplest form, an electric fence is just a single wire placed at a suitable height so the animal cannot avoid touching the wire if it attempts to pass by the wire. Maximum fence length of about 1km (else use multi-wire fence).Taking the physical pressure off an existing fence.Strip grazing where the animals are progressively moved from area to area.This requirement needs careful fence design which we'll discuss in the next section. However, this energy must be delivered to the animal with minimal loss between the energizer and the animal. ![]() Most electric fence energizers will do this. How can the muscle contraction be made strong so that it provides an effective deterrent? Firstly, the electric fence energizer must be able to generate sufficient electrical energy (energy is measured in joules). It also has to go through the animal in such a way that stimulates many muscles in order to make the overall "feel" unpleasant enough. In other words, the electrical impulse has to go through the animal. To induce a muscle contraction, you must have a voltage difference across the ends of the muscle. This feels a little unpleasant but nothing like a properly induced muscle contraction from an electric fence. What's happening here? The nerves on the skin are being stimulated as the electrical discharge dissipates over the surface of the skin. ![]() Perhaps you've experienced a spark from common static electricity? Did you know that such sparks can have voltages of 10, 20 or 30,000 volts! Yet the sensation is generally just a slight pin-prick feel. It's also important to realize that more voltage does not always mean more discomfort. ![]()
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